| Name: | （4r）-4-[（3r (4R)-4-[(3R,5s 5S,7s 7S,8r 8R,9s 9S,10s 10S,13r 13R,14s 14S,17r）-3 17R)-3,7-二羟基-10 7-dihydroxy-10,13-二甲基-2 13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢-1h-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基]戊酸 17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoic acid |
| CAS号 CAS Number: | 128-13-2 |  3D/INCHI
|
| 其他 Other: | 50809-41-1 |
| echa ECHA einecs EINECS - REACH 预注册 Pre-Reg: | 204-879-3 |
| FDA UNII: | 724L30Y2QR |
| nikkaji网站 Nikkaji Web: | J2.520H |
| 贝尔斯坦数 Beilstein Number: | 3219888 |
| MDL : | mfcd00003680 MFCD00003680 |
| XlogP3-AA: | 4.90（est） 4.90 (est) |
| 分子量 Molecular Weight: | 392.57960000 |
| 式 Formula: | c24 h40 o4 C24 H40 O4 |
| 生物活性总结 BioActivity Summary: | 清单 listing |
| 核磁共振预测器 NMR Predictor: | 预测（适用于Chrome或Firefox） Predict (works with chrome or firefox) |
类别 Category:cosmetic agents
美国 US/欧盟 EU/ fda / jecfa / fema / Flavis / 文献 Scholar /专利 Patent :
物理性质 Physical Properties:
| 化验 Assay: | 95.00至100.00 95.00 to 100.00
|
| 食品化学品法典列表 Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| 熔点 Melting Point: | 203.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm 汞 Hg
|
| 沸点 Boiling Point: | 547.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm 汞 Hg (est)
|
| 闪点 Flash Point: | 570.00 °F. tcc TCC ( 298.80 °C. ) (est)
|
| logp（o / w） logP (o/w): | 3.000 |
| 溶于 Soluble in: |
| | 水 water, 20 mg/L @ 20 ＆deg °C (经验值 exp) | | | 水 water, 25摄氏度（估计值）2.414毫克/升 2.414 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
感官特性 Organoleptic Properties:
| 来自其他 的气味和/或风味描述（如果找到）。 Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
化妆品信息 Cosmetic Information:
供应商 Suppliers:
安全信息 Safety Information:
| 首选SDS Preferred SDS: 视图 View |
| |
| 危害识别 Hazards identification |
| |
| 物质或混合物的分类 Classification of the substance or mixture |
| 根据29 cfr 1910（osha hcs）进行ghs分类 GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| 没有找到。 None found. |
| ghs标签元素 GHS Label elements, 包括预防性声明 including precautionary statements |
| |
| 象形图 Pictogram | |
| |
| 危险说明 Hazard statement(s) |
| 没有找到。 None found. |
| 防范说明 Precautionary statement(s) |
| 没有找到。 None found. |
| 口服/肠胃外毒性 Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
腹腔内小鼠 intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1200 mg/kg
皮肤 SKIN and AND 附属物 APPENDAGES (皮肤 SKIN): 头发 HAIR: 其他 Other
行为的 BEHAVIORAL: 嗜睡（一般抑郁活动） SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
木曾 Kiso to 林修 Rinsho. 临床 Clinical 报告 Report. 卷 Vol. 9, pg. 3159 Pg. 3159, 1975.
静脉老鼠 intravenous-mouse LD50 240 mg/kg
行为的 BEHAVIORAL: 嗜睡（一般抑郁活动） SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
行为的 BEHAVIORAL: 抽搐 CONVULSIONS OR 影响 EFFECT ON 发作 SEIZURE THRESHOLD
木曾 Kiso to 林修 Rinsho. 临床 Clinical 报告 Report. 卷 Vol. 9, pg. 3159 Pg. 3159, 1975.
老鼠 口服 oral-mouse LD50 > 10000 mg/kg
木曾 Kiso to 林修 Rinsho. 临床 Clinical 报告 Report. 卷 Vol. 9, pg. 3159 Pg. 3159, 1975.
腹膜内大鼠 intraperitoneal-rat LD50 700 mg/kg
Bollettino 奇米科 Chimico 农艺 Farmaceutico. 卷 Vol. 126, pg。 282 Pg. 282, 1987.
静脉内大鼠 intravenous-rat LD50 310 mg/kg
行为的 BEHAVIORAL: 嗜睡（一般抑郁活动） SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
行为的 BEHAVIORAL: 抽搐 CONVULSIONS OR 影响 EFFECT ON 发作 SEIZURE THRESHOLD
木曾 Kiso to 林修 Rinsho. 临床 Clinical 报告 Report. 卷 Vol. 9, pg. 3159 Pg. 3159, 1975.
口鼠 口服 oral-rat LD50 4600 mg/kg
Bollettino 奇米科 Chimico 农艺 Farmaceutico. 卷 Vol. 126, pg。 282 Pg. 282, 1987.
|
| 皮肤毒性 Dermal Toxicity: |
皮下老鼠 subcutaneous-mouse LD50 1000 mg/kg
"现代 Modern 药品 制药业 Pharmaceuticals of 日本 Japan, iv IV," 东京 Tokyo, 日本制药 Japan Pharmaceutical, 医疗和牙科用品出口商协会 Medical and Dental Supply Exporters' Assoc., 1972年-- 1972Vol. -, pg。 109 Pg. 109, 1972.
皮下大鼠 subcutaneous-rat LD50 > 2000 mg/kg
木曾 Kiso to 林修 Rinsho. 临床 Clinical 报告 Report. 卷 Vol. 9, pg. 3159 Pg. 3159, 1975.
|
| 吸入毒性 Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
未定 Not determined
|
使用安全信息 Safety in Use Information:
| 类别 Category: | cosmetic agents |
| 推荐使用的脲二醇水平不超过 Recommendation for ursodiol usage levels up to: | | | 不用于香水。 not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| 推荐的脲二醇风味剂的使用水平最高为 Recommendation for ursodiol flavor usage levels up to: |
| | 不用于调味料。 not for flavor use.
|
安全参考 Safety references:
| Epi系统 EPI System: 视图 View |
| 临床 Clinicaltrials.gov :search |
| 每日医学 Daily Med:search |
| 化学致癌研究信息系统 Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:搜索 Search |
| 辅助引文 AIDS Citations:搜索 Search |
| 癌症引文 Cancer Citations:搜索 Search |
| 毒理学引文 Toxicology Citations:搜索 Search |
| 环境诱变信息中央 Env. Mutagen Info. Center:搜索 Search |
| EPA ACToR:毒理学资料 Toxicology Data |
| EPA物质注册服务（SRS） :注册表 Registry |
| 实验室化学安全摘要 Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :31401 |
| 国家过敏和传染病研究所 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| 德国wgk WGK Germany:2 |
| （4r）-4-[（3r (4R)-4-[(3R,5s 5S,7s 7S,8r 8R,9s 9S,10s 10S,13r 13R,14s 14S,17r）-3 17R)-3,7-二羟基-10 7-dihydroxy-10,13-二甲基-2 13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢-1h-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基]戊酸 17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoic acid |
| chemidplus Chemidplus:0000128132 |
| 技术 RTECS:CAS＃128-13-2的fz2000000 FZ2000000 for cas# 128-13-2 |
参考资料 References:
| | （4r）-4-[（3r (4R)-4-[(3R,5s 5S,7s 7S,8r 8R,9s 9S,10s 10S,13r 13R,14s 14S,17r）-3 17R)-3,7-二羟基-10 7-dihydroxy-10,13-二甲基-2 13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢-1h-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基]戊酸 17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoic acid |
| NIST化学网络书籍 NIST Chemistry WebBook: | 搜索INCHI |
| pubchem（cid） Pubchem (cid): | 31401 |
| pubchem（sid） Pubchem (sid): | 134974576 |
其他资料 Other Information:
潜在搅拌机 Potential Blenders and core components note
潜在用途 Potential Uses:
存在（自然 Occurrence (nature, food, 其他） other): note
同义词 Synonyms:
| | Acti瘿 gall acti瘿 gall | | | arsacol arsacol | | | 尿烷 cholit-ursan | | | delursan delursan | | | 消失的 destolit | | | deursil deursil | | （4r）-4-[（3r (4R)-4-[(3R,5s 5S,7s 7S,8r 8R,9s 9S,10s 10S,13r 13R,14s 14S,17r）-3 17R)-3,7- | di海德 hydroxy-10,13-二甲基-2 13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢-1h-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基]戊酸 17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoic acid | | 3-alpha,7-beta- | di海德 hydroxy-5-beta-cholanoic acid | | 3,7- | di海德 hydroxycholan-24-oic acid | | 3-alpha,7-beta- | di海德 hydroxycholanic acid | | 3-alpha,7-beta- | dioxycholanic acid | | 7-beta- | 海德 hydroxy碎石的 lithocholic acid | | | 利他溶胶 litursol | | | lyeton | | 17-beta-(1- | methyl-3-carboxypropyl)etiocholane-3-alpha,7-beta-diol | | | 肽a peptarom | | | 解决方案 solutrat | | | urso 250 | | | urso DS | | | urso 长处 forte | | | 尿胆素 ursobilin | | | 熊胆 ursochol | | | 熊胆酸 ursocholic acid, 脱氧 deoxy- | | | ursodeoxycholic acid | | | 熊去氧胆酸 ursodesoxycholic acid | | | ursalk ursofalk | | | 乌尔索尔万 ursolvan
|
文章 Articles:
| 已发布 PubMed:从螯合物中提取的水提取物可通过小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞中的核因子-κB活化来增强一氧化氮和肿瘤坏死因子-α的产生。 Variation of pathways and network profiles reveals the differential pharmacological mechanisms of each effective component to treat middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion mice. |
| 已发布 PubMed:犬食用市售蓝绿藻类饮食补充剂后出现肝病。 Hepatopathy following consumption of a commercially available blue-green algae dietary supplement in a dog. |
| 已发布 PubMed: 酸降低 转化率 Bile Acids Reduce Prion Conversion, 减少橙花元丢失 Reduce Neuronal Loss, 并在 疾病模型中延长男性生存时间。 and Prolong Male Survival in Models of Prion Disease. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸通过胱天蛋白酶对 口腔鳞癌hsc-3细胞的抗癌作用。 Anticancer Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma HSC-3 Cells through the Caspases. |
| 已发布 PubMed: 标准化的hirsuta hirsuta hirsuta hirsuta l输液对狗 中胆固醇的降低作用。 |
| 已发布 PubMed:原发性 性肝硬化的新疗法。 New therapies for primary biliary cirrhosis. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸和牛磺去氧胆酸在非肝脏疾病治疗中的意外用途。 The Unexpected Uses of Urso- and Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid in the Treatment of Non-liver Diseases. |
| 已发布 PubMed:外源性因子对gsh的调节导致暴露于慢性醇加高葡萄糖的vl-17a细胞中的乙二醛酶1酶活性变化。 Modulation of GSH with exogenous agents leads to changes in glyoxalase 1 enzyme activity in VL-17A cells exposed to chronic alcohol plus high glucose. |
| 已发布 PubMed:中空纤维液相微萃取-气相色谱法测定 酸 Determination of bile acids by hollow fibre liquid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography. |
| 已发布 PubMed:因肾病而导致晚期肾功能衰竭的患者再次进食综合征。 Refeeding syndrome in a patient with advanced kidney failure due to nephronophthisis. |
| 已发布 PubMed:lc-q-tof-ms结合pcc氧化快速鉴定熊胆粉中的两种新异构体 [Rapid identification of two new isomers in bear bile powder by LC-Q-TOF-MS combined with PCC oxidation]. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸通过选择性包合配合物法从番茄酱中提取番茄红素。 Extraction of lycopene from tomato paste by ursodeoxycholic acid using the selective inclusion complex method. |
| 已发布 PubMed:大肠癌患者和健康成年 之间的粪便微生物组和代谢组差异。 Stool microbiome and metabolome differences between colorectal cancer patients and healthy adults. |
| 已发布 PubMed:原发性 性肝硬化 Primary biliary cirrhosis: 治疗上的进步。 therapeutic advances. |
| 已发布 PubMed:[治疗年轻肥胖患者胆道病理的现代方法]。 [Modern approaches to the treatment of biliary pathology in young patients with obesity]. |
| 已发布 PubMed:朝鲜红参（ 参）和漆酚（鼠李）的抗氧化和自然杀伤细胞活性对大鼠非醇性脂肪性肝病的作用。 Anti-oxidant and natural killer cell activity of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) and urushiol (Rhus vernicifera Stokes) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of rat. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸用于原发性 性肝硬化。 Ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis. |
| 已发布 PubMed:红参作为 酸佐剂在胆结石药物溶解治疗中的作用 Effects of Korean red ginseng as an adjuvant to bile acids in medical dissolution therapy for gallstones: 预期的 a prospective, 随机的 randomized, 受控 controlled, 双盲飞行员试验。 double-blind pilot trial. |
| 已发布 PubMed:b细胞耗竭治疗原发性 性肝硬化 B cell depletion in treating primary biliary cirrhosis: 利弊。 pros and cons. |
| 已发布 PubMed:饮食中多胺的摄入和结直肠腺瘤性息肉的风险。 Dietary polyamine intake and risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸治疗癌症恶病质的大鼠模型。 Ursodeoxycholic acid treatment in a rat model of cancer cachexia. |
| 已发布 PubMed:葡萄汁对四氯化碳引起的大鼠氧化应激的保护作用。 Protective effect of Öküzgözü (Vitis vinifera L. cv.) grape juice against carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress in rats. |
| 已发布 PubMed:抗坏血酸和熊去氧胆酸组合可减轻结扎胆管的大鼠和 肝细胞的肝损伤。 Combination of retinoic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid attenuates liver injury in bile duct-ligated rats and human hepatic cells. |
| 已发布 PubMed:内质网应激与肝细胞死亡相关 Linking endoplasmic reticulum stress to cell death in hepatocytes: c / ebp同源蛋白和化学伴侣在棕榈酸酯介导的细胞死亡中的作用 roles of C/EBP homologous protein and chemical chaperones in palmitate-mediated cell death. |
| 已发布 PubMed:减肥手术后的医学随访 Medical follow up after bariatric surgery: 营养和药物问题。预防和治疗营养不足的一般性建议。 nutritional and drug issues. General recommendations for the prevention and treatment of nutritional deficiencies. |
| 已发布 PubMed:[非醇性脂肪肝和心血管疾病的危险]。 [Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk]. |
| 已发布 PubMed:叶酸强化 Folate fortification, 血浆叶酸 plasma folate, 同型半胱氨酸和大肠腺瘤复发。 homocysteine and colorectal adenoma recurrence. |
| 已发布 PubMed:保肝 Hepatoprotective bile acid 'ursodeoxycholic acid (乌德卡 UDCA)' 属性 Property and 区别 difference as bile acids acids. |
| 已发布 PubMed:通过施用活菌增加猪肠肝循环中的熊去氧胆酸。 Increasing ursodeoxycholic acid in the enterohepatic circulation of pigs through the administration of living bacteria. |
| 已发布 PubMed:预防大肠癌 Colorectal cancer prevention: 一盎司的预防值得一磅的治疗？ is an ounce of prevention worth a pound of cure? |
| 已发布 PubMed:预防大肠癌的药理作用 [Pharmacological capacities of the prevention of colorectal cancer]. |
| 已发布 PubMed:肝分支迷走橙花切断术可以阻断66％肝切除的大鼠中由熊去氧胆酸增强的肝再生。 Hepatic branch vagotomy can block liver regeneration enhanced by ursodesoxycholic acid in 66% hepatectomized rats. |
| 已发布 PubMed:餐后健康小猎犬血清未结合 酸浓度的变化。 Postprandial changes in serum unconjugated bile acid concentrations in healthy beagles. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸对低脂饮食对肥胖和高脂血症性脂肪性肝炎大鼠的治疗作用 [Influence of ursodeoxycholic acid on the therapeutic effects of low-calorie diet in obesity and hyperlipidemia rats with steatohepatitis]. |
| 已发布 PubMed:饮食中铁的限制可改善慢性丙型肝炎患者的转氨酶水平。 Dietary iron restriction improves aminotransferase levels in chronic hepatitis C patients. |
| 已发布 PubMed:片剂制成的熊二醇口服混悬液的稳定性。 Stability of oral suspensions of ursodiol made from tablets. |
| 已发布 PubMed:大肠癌的化学预防。 Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. |
| 已发布 PubMed:[3β-羟基类固醇-δ5-氧化还原酶/异构酶缺乏症]。 [3 beta-Hydroxysteroid-delta 5-oxidoreductase/isomerase deficiency]. |
| 已发布 PubMed: 阿拉吉 alagille综合征和进行性家族性肝内 淤积症的载脂蛋白e多态性。 |
| 已发布 PubMed:通过饲喂 酸来调节结肠异种生物代谢酶 Modulation of colonic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes by feeding bile acids: 的比较作用 comparative effects of cholic, deoxycholic, 石胆酸和熊去氧胆酸。 lithocholic and ursodeoxycholic acids. |
| 已发布 PubMed:研究亚硝基胆酸酰胺在胃肠道癌症中的可能作用。 Studies on N-nitroso bile acid amides in relation to their possible role in gastrointestinal cancer. |
| 已发布 PubMed:hpce用于间接检测熊去氧胆酸及其相关化合物。 The indirect UV detection in the analysis of ursodeoxycholic acid and related compounds by HPCE. |
| 已发布 PubMed:牛磺去氧胆酸改善，熊去氧胆酸加剧小肠炎症。 Taurochenodeoxycholic acid ameliorates and ursodeoxycholic acid exacerbates small intestinal inflammation. |
| 已发布 PubMed:肠外营养方面的进步。 Advances in parenteral nutrition. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸盐和胆酸盐喂养对mdr2 p-糖蛋白基因破坏的fvb小鼠肝脏疾病的影响。 Effects of Ursodeoxycholate and cholate feeding on liver disease in FVB mice with a disrupted mdr2 P-glycoprotein gene. |
| 已发布 PubMed:功能性消化不良 Functional dyspepsia: 如何辨别胆道消化不良亚组？方法论方法。 how could a biliary dyspepsia sub-group be recognized? A methodological approach. |
| 已发布 PubMed:与合成代谢类固醇的使用有关的极高胆红素血症 Extreme hyperbilirubinemia associated with the use of anabolic steroids, 健康/营养补品 health/nutritional supplements, 和乙醇 and ethanol: 对熊去氧胆酸治疗的反应。 response to ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. |
| 已发布 PubMed:大肠癌的化学和饮食预防。 Chemo- and dietary prevention of colorectal cancer. |
| 已发布 PubMed:配方奶粉对婴儿尿胆酸排泄发育方式的影响 Effects of different formula feeds on the developmental pattern of urinary bile acid excretion in infants. |
| 已发布 PubMed:胆石碎石术。 Gallstone lithotripsy. |
| 已发布 PubMed:肠小肠切除术对狗 酸和维生素D3代谢以及胃泌素释放的影响 Effects of massive small bowel resection on metabolism of bile acids and vitamin D3 and gastrin release in dogs. |
| 已发布 PubMed:对胆囊结石的体外冲击波碎石无反应者，胆囊残余体积增加。 Increased gallbladder residual volume in nonresponders to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of gallbladder stones. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸在药物性 淤积中缺乏益处。 Lack of benefit of ursodeoxycholic acid in drug-induced cholestasis in the rat. |
| 已发布 PubMed:在大鼠中喂食含2％奇诺或熊去氧胆酸或胆甾胺的饮食两周会改变肠道形态和 酸吸收。 Feeding diets containing 2% cheno- or urso-deoxycholic acid or cholestyramine to rats for two weeks alters intestinal morphology and bile acid absorption. |
| 已发布 PubMed:胆结石的医疗管理 Medical management of gallstones: 成本效益分析。 a cost-effectiveness analysis. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊去氧胆酸（udca）对胰腺酶分泌和胆囊排空的影响。 Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder emptying. |
| 已发布 PubMed:和饮食限制对大鼠 酸代谢的影响 Effect of aging and dietary restriction on bile acid metabolism in rats. |
| 已发布 PubMed:胆结石体外冲击波碎石术 Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy of gallstones: 波士顿的多尼尔mpl 9000碎石机经验。 Boston experience with the Dornier MPL 9000 lithotripter. |
| 已发布 PubMed:熊二醇 Ursodiol: 胆固醇胆结石增溶剂。 a cholesterol gallstone solubilizing agent. |
| 已发布 PubMed: 肠道菌群体外化学转化顺式和熊去氧胆酸及其7-油酸酯 In vitro transformation of cheno- and ursodeoxycholic acids and their 7-oleyl esters by human intestinal microflora. |
| 已发布 PubMed:肠道菌群对硫酸化 酸转化 Transformation of sulfated bile acids by human intestinal microflora. |
| 已发布 PubMed:给老鼠喂食含有奇诺或熊去氧胆酸或胆甾胺的饮食会改变肠道对葡萄糖和脂质的摄取。 Feeding rats diets containing cheno- or ursodeoxycholic acid or cholestyramine modifies intestinal uptake of glucose and lipids. |
| 已发布 PubMed:血清 Serum bile acids acids in Gilbert's 综合症 syndrome 后 after 口服 oral load of 鹅去氧胆酸 chenodeoxycholic acid. |
| 已发布 PubMed:四个3的差向异构 Epimerization of the four 3, 粪便微生物在厌氧混合培养物中和粪便中产生的7-二羟基 酸差向异构体。 7-dihydroxy bile acid epimers by human fecal microorganisms in anaerobic mixed cultures and in feces. |
| 已发布 PubMed:非酮症高血糖症的治疗方法。 A treatment of non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia. |
| 已发布 PubMed: 中 酸溶解胆固醇胆结石。 Dissolution of cholesterol gallstones by bile acids in hamsters. |
| 已发布 PubMed:盲肠和阑尾对兔鹅去氧胆酸7α-脱羟基和7β-表位的影响 Effect of cecum and appendix on 7 alpha-dehydroxylation and 7 beta-epimerization of chenodeoxycholic acid in the rabbit. |
| 已发布 PubMed:鹅去氧胆酸和熊去氧胆酸抑制胆固醇胆结石形成。一种新的仓鼠模型。 Cholesterol gallstone formation and prevention by chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acids. A new hamster model. |
|
