吨（12 TG(12:0/12:0/12:0）或三月桂酸橙花酯是十三烷酸甘油三酸酯或中链甘油三酸酯。甘油三酸酯（tgs）也称为三酰基橙花酯或三酰基橙花酯 0) or trilauric glyceride is a tridodecanoic acid triglyceride or medium chain triglyceride. Triglycerides (TGs) are also known as triacylglycerols or triacylglycerides, 钠己糖钠环己烷氨基磺酸钠环己基氨基磺酸钠环己基氨基磺酸钠环己基氨基磺酸钠环己基磺基硫酸钠环己基氨基磺酸钠磺基芳基磺酸钠环己基氨基磺酸钠蔗糖酸钠基蔗糖酸钠蔗糖钠7氨基磺酸 meaning that they are glycerides in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acid groups (i.e. fatty acid tri-esters of glycerol). TGs may be divided into three general types with respect to their acyl substituents. They are simple or monoacid if they contain only one type of fatty acid, 如果它们包含两种类型的脂肪酸，则为二酸；如果它们具有三个不同的酰基，则为三酸。天然存在的甘油三酸酯中脂肪酸链长可以具有不同的长度和饱和度，但是16 diacid if they contain two types of fatty acids and triacid if three different acyl groups. Chain lengths of the fatty acids in naturally occurring triglycerides can be of varying lengths and saturations but 16, 18和20碳是最常见的。吨（12 18 and 20 carbons are the most common. TG(12:0/12:0/12:0), 特别是 in particular, 由位于c-1位的十二烷酸链组成 consists of one chain of dodecanoic acid at the C-1 position, one 链 chain of dodecanoic acid at the C-2 position and one 链 chain of dodecanoic acid at the C-3 position. tgs tg TGs are the 主要 main 组分 constituent of 蔬菜 vegetableoil and animal 脂肪 脂肪 fats. tgs tg TGs are major components of 非常 very 低 low 密度 density 脂蛋白 lipoprotein (vldl VLDL) and 乳糜微粒 chylomicrons, 散发着广藿香和橡苔的强烈而扩散的琥珀土味。与东方成分完美融合，在较高含量的根部蔬菜风味方面表现出色 play an important role in metabolism as energy sources and transporters of dietary fat. They contain more than twice the energy (9 kcal/g) of carbohydrates and proteins. In the intestine, 借助脂肪酶和 分泌物，将甘油三酸酯分解为甘油和脂肪酸（此过程称为脂肪分解） triglycerides are split into glycerol and fatty acids (this process is called lipolysis) with the help of lipases and bile secretions, 然后可以进入血管。甘油三酸酯从它们的片段中重建出来，成为脂蛋白的成分 which can then move into blood vessels. The triglycerides are rebuilt in the blood from their fragments and become constituents of lipoproteins, （2e）-1-甲基（e）-2-丁烯酸酯1-甲基乙基反式-2-丁烯酸酯1-甲基乙基（2e）-2-丁烯酸酯1-甲基乙基（e）-2-丁烯酸酯1-甲基乙基反-2-丁烯酸酯丙烷- （e）-丁-2-烯酸酯-2-基丙烷-2-基反丁-2-烯酸酯异丙基（2e）-丁-2-烯酸酯异丙基丁烯酸酯 which deliver the fatty acids to and from fat cells among other functions. Various tissues can release the free fatty acids and take them up as a source of energy. Fat cells can synthesize and store triglycerides. When the body requires fatty acids as an energy source, 沙漠蝗虫鼠李子的 中含有富含甘氨酸和脯氨酸肽，该肽与植物中的一类新的gprp蛋白具有相似的序列。 the hormone glucagon signals the breakdown of the triglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase to release free fatty acids. As the brain cannot utilize fatty acids as an energy source, 甘油三酸酯的甘油成分分解后可以转化为葡萄糖，以补充脑力。 （www.网络脂质 cyberlipid.org , www.wikipedia.org） www.wikipedia.org) 标签可以用作所有细胞中的脂肪酸存储 TAGs can serve as fatty acid stores in all cells, 但主要存在于脂肪组织的脂肪细胞中。甘油三酸酯合成的主要组成部分 but primarily in adipocytes of adipose tissue. The major building block for the synthesis of triacylglycerides, 在非脂肪组织中 in non-adipose tissue, is glycerol. 脂肪细胞 Adipocytes 缺乏 lack glycerol 激酶 kinase and so 必须 must use 另一个 another 路线 route to 标签 TAG 合成 synthesis. 特别 Specifically, 磷酸二羟基丙酮（dhap） dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), 在糖酵解过程中产生的 which is produced during glycolysis, 是脂肪组织中标签合成的前体。 Dhap还可以用作非脂肪组织中的标签前体 is the precursor for TAG synthesis in adipose tissue. DHAP can also serve as a TAG precursor in non-adipose tissues, 氢化美洲锥root根提取物氢化a蒲根提取物氢化an蒲根提取物氢化asia蒲根提取物cal蒲根提取物氢化氢化菖蒲变种美洲根提取物氢化a蒲变种gu根提取物氢化hydro蒲变种桔梗根提取物氢化a蒲变种孢子根提取物氢化a蒲变种Verus根提取物氢化a蒲变种欧根提取物氢化刺五加树根提取物氢化刺五加子根提取物氢化刺五味子根提取物氢化a藜根提取物氢化刺五加星状根提取物甘薯根茎的氢化提取物 but does so to a much lesser extent than glycerol. The use of DHAP for the TAG backbone depends on whether the synthesis of the TAGs occurs in the mitochondria and ER or the ER and the peroxisomes. The ER/mitochondria pathway requires the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to convert DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase then esterifies a fatty acid to glycerol-3-phosphate thereby generating lysophosphatidic acid. The ER/peroxisome reaction pathway uses the peroxisomal enzyme DHAP acyltransferase to acylate DHAP to acyl-DHAP which is then reduced by acyl-DHAP reductase. The fatty acids that are incorporated into TAGs are activated to acyl-CoAs through the action of acyl-CoA synthetases. Two molecules of acyl-CoA are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate to yield 1,2-二酰基甘油磷酸酯（也称为磷脂酸）。然后通过磷脂酸磷酸酶（pap1）去除磷酸盐 2-diacylglycerol phosphate (also known as phosphatidic acid). The phosphate is then removed by phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP1), 产生1 to generate 1,2-二酰基甘油 di酰基 acylglycerol. 这个 This 二酰基甘油 di酰基 acylglycerol 供应 服务 serves as the 基质 substrate for 加成 addition of the 第三 third 脂肪的 脂肪 fatty acid to 使 make 标签 TAG. 肠 Intestinal 单酰基甘油 mono酰基 acylglycerols, 来源于饮食脂肪 derived from dietary fats, 也可用作合成1的底物 can also serve as substrates for the synthesis of 1,2-二酰基甘油。 [hmdb] 2-diacylglycerols. [HMDB]