类别 Category:flavoring agents
美国 US/欧盟 EU/ fda / jecfa / fema / Flavis / 文献 Scholar /专利 Patent :
物理性质 Physical Properties:
出现 Appearance: | 无色透明液体(est) colorless clear liquid (est) |
化验 Assay: | 97.00至100.00 97.00 to 100.00
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食品化学品法典列表 Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
比重 Specific Gravity: | 1.01300 to 1.02200 @ 25.00 °C.
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磅每加仑-(est)。 Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.429 to 8.504
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折光率 Refractive Index: | 1.51600 to 1.52300 @ 20.00 °C.
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熔点 Melting Point: | -63.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm 汞 Hg
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沸点 Boiling Point: | 112.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm 汞 Hg
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蒸汽压力 Vapor Pressure: | 30.964001 毫米汞柱 mm汞 Hg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
闪点 Flash Point: | 59.00 °F. tcc TCC ( 15.00 °C. )
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logp(o / w) logP (o/w): | 2.330 |
溶于 Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | 水 water, 1212 mg / l @ 25°C(est) 1212 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
不溶于 Insoluble in: |
| 水 water |
感官特性 Organoleptic Properties:
气味类型 Odor Type: sulfurous |
气味强度 Odor Strength:高 high , 建议在0.01%或更少的溶液中闻到 recommend smelling in a 0.01 % solution or less |
sulfurous alliaceous onion roasted green |
气味描述 Odor Description:at 0.01 % in propylene glycol. 硫磺葱烤绿 sulfurous alliaceous onion roasted green |
风味类型 Flavor Type: sulfurous |
sulfurous roasted green cabbage onion bitter |
口味描述 Taste Description: 硫磺烤青菜洋葱苦 sulfurous roasted green cabbage onion bitter |
来自其他 的气味和/或风味描述(如果找到)。 Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
化妆品信息 Cosmetic Information:
供应商 Suppliers:
安全信息 Safety Information:
首选SDS Preferred SDS: 视图 View |
欧洲信息 European information : |
最重要的危害 Most important hazard(s): | xn-有害。 Xn - Harmful. |
R 11 - 高度 Highly 易燃的 flammable. R 22 - 有害 Harmful if 吞下 swallowe owed. S 02 - 保持 Keep out of the 达到 reach of 孩子们 children. S 16 - 保持 Keep 远 away from 资料来源 sources of 点火 ignition - No 抽烟 Smoking. S 20/21 - 什么时候 When 使用 using do not eat, 喝 drink or 抽烟 smoke. S 24/25 - 避免 Avoid contact with skin 皮 and 眼睛 眼睛 eyes. S 26 - In 案件 case of contact with 眼睛 眼睛 eyes, 冲洗 rinse 立即 immediately with 充裕 plenty of 水 water and 寻求 看到 seek 医疗 medical 忠告 advice. S 36/37/39 - 穿 Wear 适当 suitable 服装 clothing, 手套和眼睛/面部防护。 gloves and eye/face protection.
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危害识别 Hazards identification |
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物质或混合物的分类 Classification of the substance or mixture |
根据29 cfr 1910(osha hcs)进行ghs分类 GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
没有找到。 None found. |
ghs标签元素 GHS Label elements, 包括预防性声明 including precautionary statements |
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象形图 Pictogram | |
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危险说明 Hazard statement(s) |
没有找到。 None found. |
防范说明 Precautionary statement(s) |
没有找到。 None found. |
口服/肠胃外毒性 Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
腹膜内大鼠 intraperitoneal-rat LD50 1000 mg/kg kg "有毒的 Toxicometric 参数 Parameters of 产业 Industrial 有毒的 Toxic Chemicals 下 Under 单 Single 接触 Exposure," 伊兹梅罗夫 Izmerov, n.f. N.F., 等。 et al., 莫斯科 Moscow, 国际项目中心 Centre of International Projects, k GKNT, 1982年-- 1982Vol. -, pg。 87 Pg. 87, 1982.
未报告的哺乳动物 un已报告 reported-mammal (种类 species 未指定 unspecified) LD50 1260 mg/kg kg Gigiena i 萨尼塔利亚 Sanitariya. For 英语 English 翻译 translation, 见hysaav。卷51(5) see HYSAAV. Vol. 51(5), pg。 61 Pg. 61, 1986.
老鼠 oral-mouse LD50 1460 mg/kg kg "有毒的 Toxicometric 参数 Parameters of 产业 Industrial 有毒的 Toxic Chemicals 下 Under 单 Single 接触 Exposure," 伊兹梅罗夫 Izmerov, n.f. N.F., 等。 et al., 莫斯科 Moscow, 国际项目中心 Centre of International Projects, k GKNT, 1982年-- 1982Vol. -, pg。 87 Pg. 87, 1982.
口鼠 oral-rat LD50 3200 mg/kg kg "有毒的 Toxicometric 参数 Parameters of 产业 Industrial 有毒的 Toxic Chemicals 下 Under 单 Single 接触 Exposure," 伊兹梅罗夫 Izmerov, n.f. N.F., 等。 et al., 莫斯科 Moscow, 国际项目中心 Centre of International Projects, k GKNT, 1982年-- 1982Vol. -, pg。 87 Pg. 87, 1982.
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皮肤毒性 Dermal Toxicity: |
未定 Not determined
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吸入毒性 Inhalation Toxicity: |
吸入小鼠 inhalation-mouse LC50 11500 mg/m3/2H "有毒的 Toxicometric 参数 Parameters of 产业 Industrial 有毒的 Toxic Chemicals 下 Under 单 Single 接触 Exposure," 伊兹梅罗夫 Izmerov, n.f. N.F., 等。 et al., 莫斯科 Moscow, 国际项目中心 Centre of International Projects, k GKNT, 1982年-- 1982Vol. -, pg。 87 Pg. 87, 1982.
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使用安全信息 Safety in Use Information:
类别 Category: | flavoring agents |
推荐的2-甲基噻吩的使用水平不超过 Recommendation for 2-methyl thiophene usage levels up to: | | 不用于香水。 not for fragrance use.
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最大化源自调查的每日摄入量(msdi-eu) Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.019(微克/ 均/天) 0.019 (μg/capita/day) |
修改后的理论增加的最大每日摄入量(mtamdi) Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 78(微克/ /天) 78 (μg/person/day) |
关注点 Threshold of Concern: | 540(微克/ /天) 540 (μg/person/day) |
结构类 Structure Class: | II |
采用 Use 等级 levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring 物质 substances on 哪一个 which the FEMA 专家 Expert 面板 Panel 基于 based its 判断 judgments that the 物质 substances are 通常 generally 公认的 recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The 专家 Expert 面板 Panel 也 also 发表 publishes 分离 separate 广泛 extensive 评论 reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring 物质 substances and can be 发现 found at FEMA 味道 Flavor Ingredient 图书馆 Library |
出版编号 publication number: 29 |
单击此处查看出版物29 Click here to view publication 29 |
| 平均 average 通常 usual 百万分之几 ppm | 平均 average 最大 maximum 百万分之几 ppm |
焙烤食品 baked goods: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
饮料(不含醇) beverages(nonalcoholic): | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
醇饮料 beverages(alcoholic): | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
早餐麦片 breakfast cereal: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
起司 cheese: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
口香糖 chewing gum: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
调味品/调味品 condiments / relishes: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
糖果烧烤 confectionery froastings: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
蛋制品 egg products: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
脂肪/油 fats / oils: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
鱼产品 fish products: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
冷冻乳制品 frozen dairy: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
水果冰 fruit ices: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
明胶/布丁 gelatins / puddings: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
砂糖 granulated sugar: | - | - |
肉汁 gravies: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
硬糖 hard candy: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
仿乳制品 imitation dairy: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
速溶咖啡/茶 instant coffee / tea: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
果酱/果冻 jams / jellies: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
肉制品 meat products: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
奶制品 milk products: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
坚果产品 nut products: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
其他谷物 other grains: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
家禽 poultry: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
加工水果 processed fruits: | - | - |
加工蔬菜 processed vegetables: | - | - |
重构蔬菜 reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
调味料 seasonings / flavors: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
休闲食品 snack foods: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
软糖 soft candy: | 0.30000 | 10.00000 |
汤类 soups: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
糖替代品 sugar substitutes: | - | - |
甜酱 sweet sauces: | 0.10000 | 5.00000 |
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根据委员会法规ec EC号的食品类别。 1565/2000(ec , 2000)在fge.06(efsa 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). 根据 According to the Industry the "正常 normal" use is 定义的 de精细 fined as the 平均 average of 已报告 reported 用法 用法 usages and "最大 maximum use" is 定义的 de精细 fined as the 95th 百分位 percentile of 已报告 reported 用法 用法 usages (efsa EFSA, 2002i)。 2002i). |
注意 Note: 毫克/千克= 0.001 / 1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = 百万分之几 ppm |
| 平均 average 用法 usage mg/kg kg | 最大 maximum 用法 usage mg/kg kg |
乳制品 Dairy products, 不包括02.0(01.0)类产品 excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
脂肪和油脂 Fats and oils, 和脂肪乳液(油包水型)(02.0) and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
食用冰 Edible ices, 包括果子露和果汁冰糕(03.0) including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
加工水果(04.1) Processed fruit (04.1): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
加工蔬菜(包括蘑菇和真菌) Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, 根与根块茎 roots & tubers, 豆类和豆类) pulses and legumes), 和坚果种子(04.2) and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
糖果(05.0) Confectionery (05.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
谷物和谷物产品 Cereals and cereal products, 含税面粉根和淀粉块茎 incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, 脉冲和豆类 pulses & legumes, 不包括面包店(06.0) excluding bakery (06.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
烘焙用具(07.0) Bakery wares (07.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
肉和肉制品 Meat and meat products, 包括家禽和野味(08.0) including poultry and game (08.0): | 0.10000 | 0.20000 |
鱼和鱼制品 Fish and fish products, 包括软体动物 including molluscs, 甲壳类和棘皮类动物(麦克 MCE)(09.0) : | 0.10000 | 0.20000 |
鸡蛋和蛋制品(10.0) Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
甜味剂 Sweeteners, 包括蜂蜜(11.0) including honey (11.0): | - | - |
盐 Salts, 香料 spices, 汤类 soups, 酱料 sauces, 色拉 salads, 蛋白产品 protein products, 等(12.0) etc. (12.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
用于特定营养用途的食品(13.0) Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
不含醇 Non-酒鬼 alcoholic ("柔软的 soft") 饮料 beverages, 不包括乳制品(14.1) excl. dairy products (14.1): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
含醇的饮料 Alcoholic beverages, 含税无醇和低醇的对口(14.2) incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
即食美味(15.0) Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
复合食品(例如砂锅菜) Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, 肉馅饼 meat pies, 百果馅)-无法放在01.0-15.0(16.0)类别中的食物 mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
安全参考 Safety references:
欧洲食品安全法规(efsa) European Food Safety Athority(efsa):风味使用水平;亚急性 Flavor usage levels; Subacute, 亚慢性 Subchronic, 慢性和致癌性研究;发育/ 毒性研究;遗传毒性研究... Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
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欧洲食品安全局(efsa EFSA)参考 :
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调味组评估21 Flavouring Group Evaluation 21: 噻唑类 Thiazoles, thiophene, 来自化学组29的噻唑啉和噻吩衍生物;来自化学组30的 物质(委员会法规(ec)2000年7月18日第1565/2000号)-食品添加剂科学小组的意见 thiazoline and thienyl derivatives from chemical group 29. Miscellaneous substances from chemical group 30. (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, 调味料 seasonings / flavors, 处理中 Processing 艾滋病 Aids and 材料 Materials in contact with Food (afc AFC) 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味组评估76 Flavouring Group Evaluation 76, (fge.76)[1]-考虑通过与结构上相关的噻唑的jecfa(第五十九次会议)评估的含硫杂环化合物 (FGE.76)[1] - Consideration of sulphur-containing heterocyclic compounds evaluated by JECFA (59th meeting) structurally related to thiazoles, thiophene, 来自化学组29的噻唑啉和噻吩衍生物 thiazoline and thienyl derivatives from chemical group 29, efsa EFSA在fge.21中评估了化学30组的其他杂物-食品添加剂专家组的科学观点 , 调味料 seasonings / flavors, 处理中 Processing 艾滋病 Aids and 材料 Materials in 联系 Contact with Food 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味组评估21 Flavouring Group Evaluation 21, 修订版1(fge.21rev1) Revision 1 (FGE.21Rev1): 噻唑类 Thiazoles, thiophene, 来自化学组29的噻唑啉和噻吩衍生物 thiazoline and thienyl derivatives from chemical group 29 杂 Miscellaneous 物质 substances from chemical group 30 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味组评估93(fge.93) Flavouring Group Evaluation 93 (FGE.93): jecfa(第六十八次会议)评估的与噻唑结构相关的硫杂环的考虑 Consideration of sulphur heterocyclic evaluated by JECFA (68th meeting) structurally related to thiazoles, thiophene, 噻唑啉 thiazoline and 噻吩基 thienyl 已评估 evaluated by by efsa EFSA in ge FGE.21Rev1 (2009) 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味品组评价的科学见解21 Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 21, 版本2(fge.21rev2) Revision 2 (FGE.21Rev2): 噻唑类 Thiazoles, thiophene, 来自化学组29的噻唑啉和噻吩衍生物 thiazoline and thienyl derivatives from chemical group 29. 杂 Miscellaneous 物质 substances from chemical group 30. 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味品组评价的科学见解21 Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 21, 版本3(fge.21rev3) Revision 3 (FGE.21Rev3): 噻唑类 Thiazoles, thiophenes, 噻唑啉 thiazoline and 噻吩基 thienyl 衍生品 derivatives from chemical 团体 groups 29 and 30 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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关于代表性测试物质清单的声明。 Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing.
The 当前 current 声明 Statement 奠定 lays 下 down a list of 物质 substances in 亚组 sub-团体 groups with 代表 re当下 presentative 物质 substances for 哪一个 which 额外 加成 additional data are required 事前 prior to their 评价 evaluation 通过 through the 程序 Procedure (r (Regulation (ec EC) No 1565/2000). 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味品组评价的科学见解21 Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 21, 修订版4(fge.21rev4) Revision 4 (FGE.21Rev4): 噻唑类 Thiazoles, thiophenes, 噻唑啉 thiazoline and 噻吩基 thienyl 衍生品 derivatives from chemical 团体 groups 29 and 30 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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调味品组评价的科学见解21 Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 21, 版本5(fge.21rev5) Revision 5 (FGE.21Rev5): 噻唑类 Thiazoles, thiophenes, 噻唑啉 thiazoline and 噻吩基 thienyl 衍生品 derivatives from chemical 团体 groups 29 and 30 视图 View page or 视图 View pdf
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Epi系统 EPI System: 视图 View |
化学致癌研究信息系统 Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:搜索 Search |
环境诱变信息中央 Env. Mutagen Info. Center:搜索 Search |
EPA物质注册服务(tsca TSCA) :554-14-3 |
EPA ACToR:毒理学资料 Toxicology Data |
EPA物质注册服务(SRS) :注册表 Registry |
实验室化学安全摘要 Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :11126 |
国家过敏和传染病研究所 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
明智的 WISER:1993年 UN 1993 |
德国wgk WGK Germany:3 |
2-methylthiophene |
chemidplus Chemidplus:0000554143 |
技术 RTECS:适用于CAS#554-14-3的xm9625000 XM9625000 for cas# 554-14-3 |
参考资料 References:
其他资料 Other Information:
潜在搅拌机 Potential Blenders and core 组件 components note
潜在用途 Potential Uses:
存在(自然 Occurrence (nature, food, 其他) other): note
同义词 Synonyms:
alpha- | methyl thiophene | 2- | methylthiophene | | thiophene, 2-甲基- 2-methyl- |
文章 Articles:
美国专利 US Patents:3,931,166-某些2 166 - Certain 2,5-二甲基-3-硫代吡嗪 5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines |
已发布 PubMed:在半胱氨酸-木糖模型系统中高强度超声产生美拉德反应风味化合物。 High-intensity ultrasound production of Maillard reaction flavor compounds in a cysteine-xylose model system. |
已发布 PubMed:混合金属硫属化物四面体簇,具有外多面体金属片段。 Mixed-metal chalcogenide tetrahedral clusters with an exo-polyhedral metal fragment. |
已发布 PubMed:绿合成与抗炎研究系列1 Green synthesis and anti-inflammatory studies of a series of 1,1-双(杂芳基)烷烃衍生物。 1-bis(heteroaryl)alkane derivatives. |
已发布 PubMed:使用选择性试剂电离飞行时间质谱仪获得的no(+)与一些生理上显着的挥发性有机硫和有机硒化合物反应的产物离子分布。 Product ion distributions for the reactions of NO(+) with some physiologically significant volatile organosulfur and organoselenium compounds obtained using a selective reagent ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. |
已发布 PubMed:结构的 Structural, 光谱的 spectroscopic, 苯并咪唑/硫醚给体混合的三齿和四齿n3和n3s铜配合物的电化学性能 and electrochemical properties of tri- and tetradentate N3 and N3S copper complexes with mixed benzimidazole/thioether donors. |
已发布 PubMed:噻吩和甲基噻吩与单线态和三线态分子氧反应的机理 Mechanisms for the reaction of thiophene and methylthiophene with singlet and triplet molecular oxygen. |
已发布 PubMed:2-噻吩甲基+ ho2自由基重组反应的机理研究。 A mechanistic study of the 2-thienylmethyl + HO2 radical recombination reaction. |
已发布 PubMed:代谢组学方法测定谷胱甘肽-美拉德反应产物中与牛肉风味有关的关键挥发性化合物。 Metabolomic approach for determination of key volatile compounds related to beef flavor in glutathione-Maillard reaction products. |
已发布 PubMed:实际制备2-甲基噻吩-3-羧酸乙酯。 Practical preparation of ethyl 2-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate. |
已发布 PubMed:对猪油对半胱氨酸与木糖的美拉德反应形成挥发物的影响。 Effects of lard on the formation of volatiles from the Maillard reaction of cysteine with xylose. |
已发布 PubMed:rucl₃·3h2o催化反应 RuCl₃·3H₂O catalyzed reactions: 在温和条件下轻松合成双(吲哚基)甲烷。 facile synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes under mild conditions. |
已发布 PubMed:噻吩和甲基噻吩在沥青质中的热解机理 Pyrolysis mechanisms of thiophene and methylthiophene in asphaltenes. |
已发布 PubMed:通过膜引入串联质谱在线测量水溶液和天然水中痕量汽油污染物的氧化降解动力学。 On-line measurement of oxidative degradation kinetics for trace gasoline contaminants in aqueous solutions and natural water by membrane introduction tandem mass spectrometry. |
已发布 PubMed:新分离的红球红球菌菌株对二苯并噻吩进行生物脱硫。 Biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene by a newly isolated Rhodococcus erythropolis strain. |
已发布 PubMed:手性2-取代的1-(2的非对映选择性多米诺反应 Diastereoselective domino reactions of chiral 2-substituted 1-(2',2',3',3'-tetramethylcyclopropyl)-alkan-1-ols under 弗里德尔工艺 Friedel-Crafts 条件 conditions. |
已发布 PubMed:噻吩的光化学异构化反应的计算研究。 A computational study of photochemical isomerization reactions of thiophenes. |
已发布 PubMed:取代噻吩的c-s键氧化加成(c5me5)rh(pme3)片段的选择性 Selectivity in the oxidative addition of C-S bonds of substituted thiophenes to the (C5Me5)Rh(PMe3) fragment: 理论与实验的比较。 a comparison of theory with experiment. |
已发布 PubMed:通过手性α-官能化的苄基碳正离子进行高度非对映选择性的friedel-crafts烷基化反应。 Highly diastereoselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions via chiral alpha-functionalized benzylic carbocations. |
已发布 PubMed:气相色谱-硫化学发光检测法测定焦化汽油中硫化合物的分布 [Determination and distribution of sulfur compounds in coked gasoline by gas chromatography-sulfur chemiluminescence detection]. |
已发布 PubMed:噻吩及其衍生物的水溶分解。 Aquasonolysis of thiophene and its derivatives. |
已发布 PubMed:用硫化学发光检测器气相色谱法测定流化催化裂化汽油中的硫化合物 [Determination of sulfur compounds in fluid catalytic cracking gasoline by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector]. |
已发布 PubMed: 简历的香气提取物稀释分析。马里恩(rubus spp spp。hyb hyb)和简历。常绿(r。laciniatus laciniatus l。)黑莓。 |
已发布 PubMed:噻吩作为苯并炔的陷阱。 3.二芳基硫醚与偶极中间体的作用。 Thiophenes as traps for benzyne. 3. Diaryl sulfides and the role of dipolar intermediates. |
已发布 PubMed:从d-葡萄糖一锅法合成c-糖基化合物(c-糖苷) One-pot synthesis of C-glycosylic compounds (C-glycosides) from D-glucal, 在路易斯酸存在下,对甲苯磺酰氯和芳族/杂芳族化合物。 p-tolylsulfenyl chloride and aromatic/heteroaromatic compounds in the presence of Lewis acids. |
已发布 PubMed:路易斯酸催化噻吩的氧化环加成反应(1)。 Lewis Acid Catalysis in the Oxidative Cycloaddition of Thiophenes(1). |
已发布 PubMed:煮咖啡中形成的杂环化合物的抗氧化活性。 Antioxidative activities of heterocyclic compounds formed in brewed coffee. |
已发布 PubMed:胶体中的甲基噻吩异构体的表面增强拉曼光谱研究。 Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Study of Isomeric Methylthiophenes in Silver Colloid. |
已发布 PubMed:导电聚合物互连的制造。 Fabrication of conducting polymer interconnects. |
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